Of all the seasons that the Modern Novus Ordo Catholic Calendar has neglected to properly retain and celebrate, Ascensiontide has, like
Epiphanytide, unfortunately, fallen by the wayside. But, for those
Catholics committed to the Sacred Traditions of the past, Ascensiontide holds a special length of time.
Ascentiontide lasts for 10 days and is part of Pascaltide. The first nine days of Ascensiontide include the traditional Octave of the Ascension. The last day in Ascentiontide is the Vigil of Pentecost. Pentecost Sunday, which traditionally has its own octave, follows. Trinity Sunday, the Sunday after Pentecost, officially begins the Season After Pentecost.
The total length of Paschaltide, from Easter Sunday to the end of Whitsuntide is 56 days (inclusively).
Before the changes of Pope Pius XII in 1955, there was a liturgical octave for the Ascension, and remnants of the octave can be found in the Office as it now stands. The appropriate texts for the minor hours (except for the collects) are set out in the psalter. For the collects, Lauds and Vespers however, you need to keep your ribbon on the page for the Ordinary of Ascensiontide. The key points to note are set out via
Saints will Arise.
So what exactly is Ascensiontide and what customs do traditional Catholics observe during this time?
Ascension Thursday
Image Source: A Catholic Life Blog (c) 2019 of the Torre Dell'Orologio
Taking place 40 days after Easter Sunday, the Church celebrates Our Lord's Glorious
Ascension into Heaven on
Ascension Thursday. The Ascension has three principal parts: the departure of Jesus from earth, His going up into heaven, and taking His place at the right hand of the Father.
It was precisely on the fortieth day after our Lord's Resurrection that He ascended into Heaven.
On the Mount of Olives, the same mount where the Passion began, Our Lord physically ascended into Heaven. At the top of the mount is a chapel in honor of the Ascension and
the ground still retains the depressions His sacred feet had left.
Fisheaters further shares some of the great regional customs for this Feast Day and Holy Day of Obligation in reference to the above image: "Something else wonderful happens in Italy on the Feast of the Ascension and the days following: in Venice, there is a clock tower in the Piazza San Marco. This marvelous clock, made in A.D. 1499 (and recently restored) indicates not only the minutes and hours, but the days, months, Zodiacal signs, and phases of the Moon as well. At the top of the tower are two large figures known as the Moors ("Mori"), who signal the hour by striking a large bell. Underneath them is a large, golden lion -- the symbol of St. Mark, patron of Venice. Underneath this is a niche which holds a figure of Our Lady and her Son. Twice a year -- on the Feast of the Epiphany and during the festivities surrounding the Ascension (known as "la Festa della Sensa" in Venice) -- doors on either side of Our Lady open up, and out come the three Magi, led by an angel. The angel and Kings make their way around Our Lady and Jesus, the angel regaling them with his trumpet, and the Kings bowing and removing their crowns."
The Mass for Pentecost was formerly celebrated during the night and has since been anticipated. It seems that the Vigil was modeled on that of Easter. As on Holy Saturday, a vigil was kept during the night of Pentecost Sunday to prepare for the Sacrament of Baptism. Even before the changes in 1955,
the Vigil of Pentecost, while not kept in the night, was still filled with rich symbolism and in many respects mirrored the Easter Vigil.
Octave of Pentecost
The Feast of Whitsun - the term Whitsunday is another name for Pentecost alluding to the white vestments of the neophytes - is as ancient as that of Easter. The Saturday following the Octave of Pentecost officially begins the Season After Pentecost.
While the Novus Ordo calendar unfortunately only has 2 octaves,
traditional Catholics will be familiar with the idea of multiple
overlaping Octaves. The practice of celebrating an Octave, while not
only traced to the time spent by the Apostles and the Blessed Virgin
Mary awaiting the Paraclete, also has its origins in the Old Testament
eight-day celebration of the Feast of Tabernacles (Leviticus 23:36) and
the Dedication of the Temple (2 Chronicles 7:9). Very truly, Christ did
not come to abolish the Old Law but to fulfill it.
By the 8th century, Rome had developed liturgical octaves not only for
Easter, Pentecost, and Christmas, but also for the Epiphany and the
feast of the dedication of a church.
After 1568, when Pope Pius V reduced the number of octaves (since by
then they had grown considerably), the number of Octaves was still
plentiful. Octaves were classified into several types. Easter and
Pentecost had "specially privileged" octaves, during which no other
feast whatsoever could be celebrated. Christmas, Epiphany, and Corpus
Christi had "privileged" octaves, during which certain highly ranked
feasts might be celebrated. The octaves of other feasts allowed even
more feasts to be celebrated.
To reduce the repetition of the same liturgy for several days, Pope Leo
XIII and Pope St. Pius X made further distinctions, classifying octaves
into three primary types: privileged octaves, common octaves, and
simple octaves. Privileged octaves were arranged in a hierarchy of
first, second, and third orders. For the first half of the 20th
century, octaves were ranked in the following manner, which affected
holding other celebrations within their timeframes:
- Privileged Octaves
- Privileged Octaves of the First Order
- Octave of Easter
- Octave of Pentecost
- Privileged Octaves of the Second Order
- Octave of Epiphany
- Octave of Corpus Christi
- Privileged Octaves of the Third Order
- Octave of Christmas
- Octave of the Ascension
- Octave of the Sacred Heart
- Common Octaves
- Octave of the Immaculate Conception of the BVM
- Octave of the Solemnity of St. Joseph
- Octave of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist
- Octave of Saints Peter and Paul
- Octave of All Saints
- Octave of the Assumption of the BVM
- Simple Octaves
- Octave of St. Stephen
- Octave of St. John the Apostle
- Octave of the Holy Innocents
As one can notice, the Octave of the Pentecost ranked even higher than the Octave of Christmas!